Sequence of Events Surrounding Jesus’ Crucifixion
Thursday April 6, 30 AD
The Agony in the Garden of Gethsemane
John 18:1
- Jesus and the disciples cross the brook Kidron, and enter into the Garden of Gethsemane.
Luke 22:40-44
- Jesus asks the disciples to pray, then He goes to pray.
- Jesus asks for the cup to pass from Him, and the angel strengthens Him.
- Jesus’ sweat turns to blood.
Matt 26:40-46
- Jesus goes and finds the disciples sleeping – three times.
Friday April 7, 30 AD
Jesus Betrayed and Arrested
John 18:2-9
- Jesus goes forth to meet Judas and the army.
- The army falls back at Jesus’ name, I AM.
(Luke 22:47-48)
- Judas reveals Jesus by a kiss.
John 18:10-11
- Simon Peter cuts off Malchus’ ear.
Luke 22:51-53
- Jesus heals Malchus’ ear.
- Jesus exhorts the army for coming after Him as if He were a robber.
Mark 14:50
- The disciples all left Jesus, and fled.
Jesus’ 6-Trails Before the Jewish and Roman Authorities
John 18:12-14, 19-23 (TRIAL 1)
- Jesus is bound and first led to Annas, the father-in-law to High Priest Caiaphas.
- Jesus is struck by officer for his answer.
John 18:24
- Annas sends Jesus bound to Caiaphas.
(Luke 22:54-62)
- Peter warms himself by the enemies fire.
- Peter denies knowing Jesus 3-times.
- The cock crows and Jesus’ eyes meet Peters’.
- Peter goes out and weeps bitterly.
Matt 26:57-68 (TRIAL 2)
- The late night session at Caiaphas’ house before the Sanhedrin.
- False witnesses testify against Jesus.
- Jesus remains silent to false charges.
- Jesus answers Caiaphas.
- Caiaphas tears his robe and charges Jesus with blasphemy.
- Jesus is spit on and hit in the face.
Matt 27:1 (TRIAL 3)
- Early morning ratification of the sentence by the counsel.
- Jesus is bound and led away.
John 18:28-38 (TRIAL 4)
- Jesus first trial before Pilate, the governor.
- The counsel avoid Pilate’s question.
- Pilate tells the counsel to judge Jesus by their own laws.
- Pilate questions Jesus, "Are you the King of the Jews?"
- Jesus answers Pilate.
- Pilate asks Jesus, "What is truth?"
- Pilate returns Jesus to the counsel, finding no fault in Him.
Mark 15:3-5
- Pilate marveled that Jesus said nothing to the many accusations.
Luke 23:4-12 (TRIAL 5)
- Since Jesus is Galilean, Pilate refers Him to Herod’s jurisdiction.
- Herod hopes to be amused by Jesus with a miracle, and questions him at length.
- Jesus says and does nothing.
- Herod mocks Jesus and puts Him in a robe.
- Herod finds the entire matter a joke and returns Jesus to Pilate.
Luke 23:13-23 (TRIAL 6)
- Pilate calls the counsel together to tell them he and Herod have found no fault in Jesus.
- Pilate offers to punish and then release Jesus.
Matt 27:17-30
- Pilate tries to release Jesus instead of Barabbas.
- Pilate’s wife wants Pilate to have nothing to do with Jesus.
- The riotous crowd cries for the release of Barabbas and the crucifixion of Jesus.
- Pilate washes his hands of Jesus.
- Jesus is stripped, beaten, flogged, crowned with a crown of thorns, mocked, spit on, and hit repeatedly in the head and face.
John 19:4-16
- Pilate presents a beaten Jesus to the crowd, hoping they will find sympathy, and have Him released.
- Pilate asks Jesus, "Where are you from?"
- Jesus remains silent.
- Pilate releases Barabbas (who’s name means, Son of God), and delivers Jesus to them to be scourged and crucified.
Jesus Prepared for Crucifixion and the 7-Words Jesus Spoke From the Cross
Matt 27:27-31
- The soldiers take Jesus away, strip Him, scourge Him, place a crown of thorns on His head, give Him a reed scepter, and worship Him in mockery.
- They spit on Jesus, and hit Him in the head with the reed scepter.
- Jesus, not having said one word, is dressed again, and led away.
Luke 23:26-32
- Jesus is made to carry the 75-125 lb. Cross beam which His wrists will son be nailed to.
- Weakened from the severe beating, Jesus can not carry His cross any further, so Simon of Cyrene is made to carry it for Him.
Matt 27:33-38
- Having arrived at Golgotha (The Place of the Skull), Jesus is nailed to His cross, along with two robbers, one on each side of Him.
- Jesus is offered wine mixed with gall, but He refuses to drink it.
Luke 23:34 (1st WORDS - spoken to the Jewish people and the Roman soldiers)
- "Father, forgive them, for they do not know what they are doing."
John 19:23-25a
- The soldiers divide up Jesus clothes, and cast lots for His seamless tunic.
John 19:19-22
- Pilate writes, "Jesus of Nazareth, The King of the Jews" on the cross.
- The chief Priests ask Pilate not to write "The King of the Jews", but that Jesus claimed to be king of the Jews".
- Pilate answered, "What I have written, I have written."
Luke 23:35-43 (2nd WORDS - spoken to the repentant robber, crucified beside Him)
- The Chief Priests mocked Jesus saying, "He saved others; let him save himself if he is the Christ of God, the Chosen One."
- The soldiers mock Jesus saying, "If you are the king of the Jews, save yourself."
- One robber says, "Are not you the Christ? Save yourself and us!"
- The other robber rebukes him and asks, "Jesus, remember me when you come into your kingdom."
- Jesus answered him, "Truly I say to you, today you shall be with me in paradise."
John 19:26-27 (3rd WORDS - commending His mother into John’s care)
- Jesus says to Mary, "Woman, behold, your son!"; and to John, "Behold, your mother!"
Matt 27:47 (4thd WORDS - from Ps 22:1, Jesus expresses the agony of separation from the Father
as the full weight of human sin presses upon Him)
- Darkness covers the land from noon until 3:00 PM.
- At 3:00 PM, Jesus cries out, "Eli, Eli, Lama sabachthani?", which is, "My God, My God, why have You forsaken Me?"
- Some of the crowd think Jesus has called for Elijah.
John 19:28-29 (5thd WORDS - spoken to fulfill scripture)
- Jesus, knowing all things are now finished, and in order to fulfill scripture says, "I am thirsty."
- Jesus is given a drink of sour wine from a sponge.
Matt 27:49
- The crowd waits to see if Elijah will come to save Jesus.
John 19:30 (6th WORDS - spoken to fulfill scripture)
- After receiving the drink, Jesus says, "It is finished."
Luke 23:46 (7thd WORDS - spoken to His Father in Heaven)
- "Father, into Thy hands I commit My spirit!"
Matt 27:51-56
- The veil of the temple is torn in two from top to bottom (by God), the earth quakes, and the rocks are split.
- The tombs open and the saints are raised and appear to many.
- The crowd is afraid, and the centurion says, "Truly this was the Son of God."
- Many of the women who came up with Jesus from Galilee were watching from afar.
John 19:31-42
- The Passover being at hand, the Jews asked Pilate to speed up death by breaking the leg’s of Jesus and the two robbers, so they might not remain on the cross into the Passover.
- The two robbers leg’s are broken, but Jesus is already dead.
- The soldier pierced Jesus side with his spear. Blood and water flow out.
- ALL
scripture about the crucifixion in fulfilled.
- Joseph of Arimathea, a secret disciple of Jesus’, asks Pilate for the body of Jesus.
- Joseph and Nicodemus prepare Jesus’ body for burial.
- Jesus is laid in a new tomb.
Luke 23:55-56a
- The women from Galilee go up to see where Jesus is laid, and then leave.
Matt 27:62-66
- The Chief Priests and Pharisees ask Pilate to seal the tomb and place guards around it, hoping this will prevent the disciples from stealing Jesus’ body, and then lying about His resurrection.
The Resurrection – Easter Morning
Matt 28:1-7
- A group of women go to the tomb early on the first day of the week to embalm Jesus’ body.
- The earth quakes, and an angel from heaven rolls away the stone. The guards, out of fear, become like dead men.
Mark 16:3-4
- The women wonder who will roll away the stone, but arrive at the tomb to find it already open.
Matt 28:5-7
- Entering the tomb, they discover Jesus is no longer there.
- They see an angle, who tells them, "Jesus has risen! Go tell the disciples that Jesus will meet them in Galilee."
Luke 24:8-11
- They run back to Jerusalem and tell the disciples, but they don’t believe the women.
John 20:3-18
- Peter and John run to the tomb. John arrives first, looks in, but waits for Peter before entering.
- Peter enters the tomb, then John follows him. After seeing the grave clothes the way they were, they believed. They then leave, and return home.
- Mary, having gone back to the tomb with Peter and John, remains there weeping.
- Mary talks with the angle and Jesus, thinking He is the gardener.
- Jesus says to her, "Mary", and she recognizes Him.
- Mary again runs to tell the disciples that she has seen Jesus.
Matt 28:11-15
- The guards tell the Chief Priests what has happened.
- They pay off the guards to lie, and say that the disciples came at night and stole the body of Jesus. (A sure death sentence for a guard to fail his post)
Luke 24:13-49
- Jesus appears to the two disciples on their way to Emmaus, has supper with them, and when He breaks the bread, their eyes are opened, and Jesus vanishes.
- They return to Jerusalem and tell the disciples the Lord has risen.
- Jesus appears to the disciples, but without Thomas, and says, "Peace be with you."
- Jesus shows them His wounds, and has dinner with them.
John 20:21-29, 21:1-23
- Jesus gives the disciples a temporary filling of the Holy Spirit, and then leaves.
- The disciples tell Thomas all that happened, but he is doubtful, and will not believe.
- After eight days, Jesus again appears to the disciples, this time with Thomas. Thomas says to Jesus, "My Lord and my God."
- The disciples go fishing, but catch nothing. Jesus appears to them, and they fill the net to overflowing.
- Jesus fixes them breakfast on the beach.
- Jesus asks Peter three times if he loves Him. Peter says yes each time, and Jesus tells Peter to feed His sheep.
Matt 28:16-20
- Jesus commissions the disciples to go and make disciples in all the nations.
John 20:20-31, 21:24-25
- John tells us why he wrote his gospel.
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Fig 1
Map of Jerusalem at time of Christ
Jesus left Upper Room and walked to Mount of Olives and Garden of Gethsemane (1), where He was arrested and taken first to Annas, and then to Caiaphas (2). After first trial before political Sanhedrin at Caiaphas’ residence, Jesus was tried again before religious Sanhedrin, probably at Temple (3). Next, He was taken to Pontius Pilate (4), who sent Him to Herod Antipas (5). Herod returned Jesus to Pilate (6), and Pilate finally handed over Jesus for scourging at Fortress of Antonia and for crucifixion at Golgotha (7). |
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Fig. 1 |
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Compiled and contributed by R. Harris - December 2, 1998